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Dynamic equivalence and formal equivalence are two approaches to translation. The dynamic (also known as functional equivalence) attempts to convey the thought expressed in a source text (if necessary, at the expense of literalness, original word order, the source text's grammatical voice, etc.), while formal attempts to render the text word-for-word (if necessary, at the expense of natural expression in the target language). The two approaches represent emphasis, respectively, on readability and on literal fidelity to the source text. There is, however, in reality no sharp boundary between dynamic and formal equivalence. Broadly, the two represent a spectrum of translation approaches.[1] The terms "dynamic equivalence" and "formal equivalence" are associated with the translator Eugene Nida, and were originally coined to describe ways of translating the Bible, but the two approaches are applicable to any translation. Because dynamic equivalence eschews strict adherence to the original text in favor of a more natural rendering in the target language, it is sometimes used when the readability of the translation is more important than the preservation of the original wording. Thus a novel might be translated with greater use of dynamic equivalence so that it may read well, while in diplomacy the precise original meaning may be the uppermost consideration, favoring greater adherence to formal equivalence. Completely unambiguous formal translation of larger works is more goal than reality, if only because one language may contain a word for a concept which has no direct equivalent in another language. In such cases a more dynamic translation may be used or a neologism may be created in the target language to represent the concept (sometimes by borrowing a word from the source language).
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Dynamic And Formal Equivalence Subcategories
Dynamic And Formal Equivalence Articles
The Dynamic Partnership - Search Engine Optimization and Article Marketing
by Suzy Lakra
Sep 02, 2008
Search engine optimization (SEO) is important on your web site - but you already knew that, right? But did you know that search engine optimization is also an important part of your article marketing, vis-a-vis the articles that you will distribute a...
Online Business Opportunities and Squidoo Lenses
by Jim Suzak
Jun 20, 2008
jsuzak@comcast.net.
Best regards
Jim Suzak
http://www.DynamicInternetProfits.com Online Business Opportunities and Squidoo Lenses
What the heck are Squidoo lenses and how can you relate
them to online business opportunities? Squ...
Social Networking : The new and more dynamic White and Yellow Pages
by Joe Smith
Mar 05, 2008
Social networking is the new White Pages of the phone book, combined with the cataloging aspects of the Yellow Pages. Yet they deliver this in a more productive and dynamic way. While previously we had our high school year books and / or col...
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